Gavin Baker: Why AI Demand Is Outrunning Compute Supply

a16z’s David George sits down with Gavin Baker to unpack the state of the AI boom, why demand for intelligence may still be dramatically underestimated, and why the outcome doesn't necessarily have to be winner-take-all. David and Gavin explore the possibility that frontier labs, open-source models, applications, clouds, and NVIDIA can all capture significant value as AI adoption expands. They dig into the economics of the infrastructure buildout, why compute investments can have unusually fast payback periods, and what happens when today's relatively small group of heavy AI users expands to hundreds of millions of people. They also debate the risk of an AI bubble versus an AI shortage, the backlash against data centers, orbital compute, the rise of multi-model architectures, and NVIDIA's position at the center of the AI supply chain. Gavin makes the case that the AI buildout could help reindustrialize America, while David explores whether the bigger near-term risk is not overbuilding, but failing to build enough.